CYP1A2

From SNPedia

The CYP1A2 gene encodes a member of the cytochrome p450 family of proteins, which metabolize nutrients and drugs. One well known substrate of CYP1A2 is caffeine; individuals who are carry one or more CYP1A2*1C alleles are "slow" caffeine metabolizers, whereas carriers of the variant CYP1A2*1F are "fast" caffeine metabolizers. The same amount of caffeine will therefore tend to have more stimulating effect on CYP1A2 slow metabolizers than on CYP1A2 fast metabolizers.

CYP1A2 can also be stimulated or inhibited by numerous medications and food-drug interactions. Fluoroquinolones, for example, are both metabolized by, and inhibit, the CYP1A2 enyzyme. This can slow the breakdown of caffeine, for example, leading to caffeine overstimulation. Conversely, smoking is a well-known activator of CYP1A2 (especially the CYP1A2*1F form), resulting in faster breakdown of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2 and the possibility of insufficient drug concentrations in the body to yield much therapeutic benefit.

Alleles of CYP1A2 include:

Allele Name	Rs#	Comments	Platforms
CYP1A2*1	n/a	the prototypical allele
CYP1A2*1C	rs2069514	decreased activity; also known as -3860G>A
CYP1A2*1D	rs35694136
CYP1A2*1F	rs762551	increased activity; also known as -163C>A	23andMe v1, 23andMe v2, Illumina Human 1M
CYP1A2*1K_-729C>T	rs12720461	decreased activity	23andMe v1, 23andMe v2, HumanOmni1Quad, Illumina Human 1M
CYP1A2*1K_-739T>G	rs2069526	apparently decreased activity	23andMe v1, 23andMe v2, HumanOmni1Quad, Illumina Human 1M
CYP1A2*2_63C>G
CYP1A2*3	rs56276455	decreased activity; also known as D348N
CYP1A2*4	rs72547516	decreased activity; also known as I386F
CYP1A2*5	rs55889066	also known as C406Y
CYP1A2*6	rs28399424	decreased activity; also known as R431W	23andMe v1, 23andMe v2, HumanOmni1Quad, Illumina Human 1M
CYP1A2*7_3534G>A		decreased activity; may be 3533G>A
CYP1A2*8	rs72547517	also known as R456H
CYP1A2*11	rs72547513	also known as F186L
CYP1A2*15	rs72547511	also known as P42R
CYP1A2*16	rs72547515	also known as R377Q
CYP1A2_1545T>C	rs2470890		23andMe v2, Affy GenomeWide 6

Promethease detects these via gs157, gs158 and gs159