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Type-2 diabetes

From SNPedia


The wikipedia article on Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a good place to start.

In the news (2019): 23andMe's Polygenic Risk Score for type-2 diabetes. A fine, short summary concluding that it is a good "engagement tool" but otherwise of no clinical use can be found here.

omim summarizes the latest research.

Numerous SNPs have each been associated with (slightly) increased risk for type-2 diabetes, but they only marginallly improve the odds of predicting whether an individual will get type-2 diabetes based on the traditional clinical characteristics combining age, sex and weight ([PMID 18694974]; see also [1]). Such SNPs include:

  • [PMID 17043802] Carrying two copies of a common variant of TCF7L2 doubles your chances of developing diabetes and puts you in a similar risk category to being clinically obese. A common variant of the gene increased the risk of developing diabetes by 50 per cent. Carrying two copies of the variant gene increased the risk another two fold. About 1 in 5 type-2 diabetics (18%) carry two copies of this variant compared to about 1 in 10 (8-11%) of the general population. In the population as a whole, the impact of this gene on the risk of developing diabetes is as big as the problem of being clinically obese (having a body mass index over 30). news summary. The SNP is either rs7903146 (IVS3C > T) or rs12255372

But experts claim that promises of diagnostic tests for diabetes genes are misleading. And a reminder that a forecast of diabetes is not carved in stone.

[PMID 18162508] significantly associated with type-2 diabetes

in 1,630 Japanese subjects with type-2 diabetes and in 1,064 control subjects

[PMID 18984664] SNPs previously shown to be associated with higher type-2 diabetes risk were shown to also be associated with higher risk for gestational diabetes

[PMID 19002430] 6 SNPs previously shown to be associated with higher type-2 diabetes risk were shown to also be associated with higher risk for gestational diabetes specifically in Korean women

[PMID 18694974] 9 of 18 well-established genetic risk variants were associated with type-2 diabetes in a population-based study. Combining genetic variants has low predictive value for future type-2 diabetes at a population-based level. The genetic polymorphisms only marginally improved the prediction of type-2 diabetes beyond clinical characteristics.